Tinsukia district is situated at the extreme north east corner of Assam. The district shares its borders with the three districts of Arunachal Pradesh which are, Changlang, Namsai and Lower Dibang Valley districts. The district is inhabited by various communities mainly Moran, Matak, Adivasi, Tai Ahom, Sonowal Kachari, Nepali, Singpho, Bengali, Marwari and Bihari.

The ancient name of Tinsukia was Bengmara which was orginally known as Changmai Pathar. It was the capital of Matak Kingdom. The Bangmara city was built by King Sarbananda Singha with the help of his Minister Gopinath Barbaruah alies Godha. The city was built in the middle of the present Tinsukia City (near the Senairam H.S. School). As per the direction of Sarbananda Singha, Godha Baruah dug a trianguler shaped pond in Bengmara which is known as "Tinikunia Pukhuri". In 1884 Dibru-Sadiya Rail line was constructed and a station was setup near the "Tinikunia Pukhuri" which was named as Tinsukia. Since then the City was popularly known as Tinsukia.

The muttack Kingdom occupied a distinct place in the history of Assam during the later part of the 18th century and the early part of 19th century. The Moamareeyas or the Mataks turned the history of the mighty Ahom Kingdom by leading the historic Moamareeya Rebellion, which may be described as the first socio-political movement in the history of Assam.

According to the map prepared by Captain Hemilton Vetch in 1841, a large portion of present Dibrugarh and Tinsukia district had been identified as "Bengmara Country of Moamareeya Tribe" with its capital at Bengmara (present Tinsukia). In the history of Assam, this Bengmara Country was later popularly known as Matak Country of Soumar, early name of a region in the North East corner of Assam.

The First King of Matak Kingdom was Swargadeo Sarbananda Singha. Sarbananada Singha established his capital at Rangagarah situated in the bank of river Guijan. In 1791 A.D. he transferred his capital to Bengmara.

Several tanks were dug in the days of Sarbananda Singha viz.,Chauldhuwa Pukhuri, Kadamoni Pukhuri, Da Dharua Pukhuri, Mahdhuwa Pukhuri, Bator Pukhuri, Logoni Pukhuri, Na-Pukhuri, Devi Pukhuri, Kumbhi Pukhuri, Rupahi Pukhuri etc. Apart from the these ponds there are many ancient roads constructed in different parts of the Matak territory. Godha-Borbaruah road, Rangagarah road, Rajgor road and Hatiali road were main roads within the territory.

Prominent Visitors

Mahatma Gandhi visited Tinsukia and addressed a public meeting at Kachujan field on 20th March' 1934

In 1934 Jawaharlal Nehru visited Tinsukia, Digboi, Doomdooma etc.